mindmap root((威胁报复毁容放逐消灭)) abolish implies a putting to an end chiefly of things that are the outgrowth of law, customs, and conditions of existence: ~ed a poll tax. annihilate suggests a complete wiping out of existence of something material or immaterial: homes and cities ~d by enemy attack. nihil无，虚无=none，如虚无主义nihilism认为某事没有意义，如existential/moral/hero nihilism人生/道德/英雄虚无主义 如to annihilate the enemy/opponent消灭敌人/彻底打败对手 extinguish is likely to suggest a complete and abrupt ending (as by stifling, choking, or smothering): a religion that was thoroughly ~ by governmental oppression. 几个词都表示窒息或呼吸困难，stifle表示缺少新鲜空气，choke表示呼吸不畅，smother表示有烟尘，见2018-02-26 窒息suffocate-strangle